#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>using namespace std;
using namespace cv;void ChangeImgBG();
Mat HandleImgData(Mat &img);/*图片背景替换知识点:分水岭分割、高斯模糊处理步骤:数据组装-KMeans分割-背景消除-生成遮罩-模糊-输出*/void ChangeImgBG() { char* win1 = "window1"; char* win2 = "window2"; char* win3 = "window3"; char* win4 = "window4"; char* win5 = "window5"; char* win6 = "window6"; namedWindow(win1,CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);//创建窗口 win1 namedWindow(win2,CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);//创建窗口 win2 namedWindow(win3,CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);//创建窗口 win3 namedWindow(win4, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);//创建窗口 win4 namedWindow(win5, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);//创建窗口 win5 namedWindow(win6, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);//创建窗口 win6Mat img1, img2;
//加载图片 img1 = imread("D:\\参考手册\\opencv素材\\xl.jpg"); if (img1.empty()) { cout << "image not found..." << endl; exit(0);//如果图片不存在,退出程序 } img2 = img1.clone(); //显示原始图片 imshow(win1,img1); //组装数据 Mat points = HandleImgData(img1);//Kmeans处理
int numCluster = 4; Mat labels; Mat centers; TermCriteria termCriteria = TermCriteria(TermCriteria::EPS + TermCriteria::COUNT,10,0.1);kmeans(points, numCluster,labels, termCriteria,3,KMEANS_PP_CENTERS,centers);
//遮罩 Mat mask = Mat::zeros(img1.size(),CV_8UC1); int index = img1.rows*2 + 2; int cindex = labels.at<int>(index,0);//背景设置为0 int height = img1.rows; int width = img1.cols;for (int row = 0;row<height;row++)
{ for (int col =0;col<width;col++) { index = row*width + col; int label = labels.at<int>(index,0); if (label ==cindex) { img2.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = 0; img2.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = 0; img2.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = 0; mask.at<uchar>(row, col) = 0; } else { mask.at<uchar>(row, col) = 255; } } } //腐蚀 Mat k = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT,Size(3,3),Point(-1,-1)); erode(mask,mask,k); imshow(win4,mask); //高斯模糊 GaussianBlur(mask,mask,Size(3,3),0,0); imshow(win5,mask);//通道混合
RNG rng(12345); Vec3b color; color[0] = rng.uniform(0,255); color[1] = rng.uniform(0, 255); color[2] = rng.uniform(0, 255); Mat result(img1.size(),img1.type());double d1 = 0.0;
int r = 0, g = 0, b = 0; int r1 = 0, g1 = 0, b1 = 0; int r2 = 0, g2 = 0, b2 = 0; for (int row = 0; row < height;row++) { for (int col=0;col<width;col++) { int m = mask.at<uchar>(row,col); if (m==255) { result.at<Vec3b>(row, col) = img1.at<Vec3b>(row,col);//前景 } else if (m == 0) { result.at<Vec3b>(row, col) = color;//背景 } else { d1 = m / 255.0; b1 = img1.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0]; g1 = img1.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1]; r1 = img1.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2];b2 = color[0];
g2 = color[1]; r2 = color[2];b = b1*d1 + b2*(1.0-d1);
g = g1*d1 + g2*(1.0-d1); r = r1*d1 + r2*(1.0-d1);result.at<Vec3b>(row,col)[0] = b;
result.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = g; result.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = r; } } }//输出
imshow(win2,mask); imshow(win3,img2); imshow(win6,result); //保存处理后的图片 imwrite("result-2.jpg",result);}//组装样本数据
Mat HandleImgData(Mat &img) { int width = img.cols; int height = img.rows; int count1 = width*height; int channels1 = img.channels();Mat points(count1, channels1,CV_32F,Scalar(10));
int index = 0; for (int row = 0; row < height;row++) { for (int col = 0; col < width;col++) { index = row*width + col; Vec3b bgr = img.at<Vec3b>(row,col); points.at<float>(index, 0) = static_cast<int>(bgr[0]); points.at<float>(index, 1) = static_cast<int>(bgr[1]); points.at<float>(index, 2) = static_cast<int>(bgr[2]); } } return points;}int main()
{ ChangeImgBG();waitKey(0);
return 0;}
运行效果: